このキノコは、記憶力や脳の機能を向上させる効果が期待できます
クイーンズランド大学の研究者たちは、ヤマブシタケに含まれる化合物が神経の成長を促進し、記憶力を改善することを特定しました。
これらのキノコは、アジアの伝統医療で何世紀も使用されていますが、脳細胞に対する影響が科学的に決定されていませんでした。研究者たちは、キノコの有効成分が神経細胞の伸長を促進し、成長錐の大きさを増加させ、脳細胞が環境を感知し、他の神経細胞と新しい接続を確立するために重要であることを発見しました。この発見は、アルツハイマー病などの認知症の治療と保護に応用可能性があります。この研究は、神経化学ジャーナルに掲載されました。
ナチュラルイングリッシュでは、健康や科学、より長くより良く生きるための科学について学ぶことを大切にしています。私達は、英語の学習と上達を新しくポジティブな方法で、あなたの役立つことが出来るトピックについての学習と組み合わせています。
今回あげました例では、一部のテキストや指示は日本語で提供されていますが、授業ではすべての資料と指示が英語で提供されています。
この演習では、いくつかの文法事項を読み、理解し、そして応用することができます。
以下のリンクから記事をお読みください。
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/02/230210115544.htm
- Which university is Professor Frederic Meunier affiliated with?
- What is the scientific name for the lion’s mane mushroom?
- How have lion’s mane mushrooms been used in traditional medicine in Asian countries?
- What did the pre-clinical testing find about the impact of lion’s mane mushrooms on brain cells and memory?
- What method did the researchers use to study the neurotrophic effects of the isolated compounds?
- How did the active compounds affect neuron projections in the cultured brain cells?
- What is the significance of growth cones in brain cells?
- According to Dr. Ramon Martinez-Marmol, what are the potential applications of this discovery?
- Which company collaborated on the research project and provided support?
- In which journal was the study published?
- Which Korean universities collaborated with UQ researchers on this study?
回答
- Professor Frederic Meunier is affiliated with the Queensland Brain Institute.
- The scientific name for the lion’s mane mushroom is Hericium erinaceus.
- Lion’s mane mushrooms have been used to improve brain cell growth and memory in traditional medicine.
- The pre-clinical testing found that the lion’s mane mushroom had a significant impact on the growth of brain cells and improving memory.
- Researchers used super-resolution microscopy to study the neurotrophic effects of the isolated compounds.
- The active compounds promoted neuron projections, extending and connecting to other neurons.
- Growth cones are important for brain cells to sense their environment and establish new connections with other neurons in the brain.
- The discovery has applications that could treat and protect against neurodegenerative cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
- CNGBio Co collaborated on the research project and provided support.
- The study was published in the Journal of Neurochemistry.
- Gachon University and Chungbuk National University from the Republic of Korea collaborated with UQ researchers on this study.
用語集
- Neurotrophic – A substance that supports the growth and survival of nerve cells (神経栄養)
- Compound – A substance made up of two or more different elements (化合物)
- Neuron – A nerve cell that transmits electrical signals through the body (神経細胞)
- Super-resolution microscopy – A type of microscope that can see objects that are smaller than the diffraction limit of light (超解像顕微鏡)
- Boosts – To increase or improve something (向上させる、促進する)
- Enhances – To make something better or stronger (向上させる)
- Pre-clinical trials – Testing that is done on animals or in a lab before testing on humans (臨床試験前の試験)
- Ailments – A physical or mental illness or disorder (病気、不快感)
- Molecular mechanism – The way that a chemical reaction occurs or a chemical process works (分子機構)
- Traditional medicine – The use of natural remedies and practices to treat illnesses (伝統医療)
空欄を適切な動詞の形で埋めてください。
- Researchers from The University of Queensland ______________ the active compound from an edible mushroom that boosts nerve growth and enhances memory.
- Extracts from these mushrooms ______________ used in traditional medicine in Asian countries for centuries.
- Pre-clinical testing ______________ that the lion’s mane mushroom had a significant impact on the growth of brain cells and improving memory.
- Laboratory tests ______________ the neurotrophic effects of compounds isolated from Hericium erinaceus on cultured brain cells.
- Using super-resolution microscopy, researchers ______________ that the mushroom extract and its active components largely increase the size of growth cones.
正しい関係代名詞を選んで文を完成させてください。
Professor Frederic Meunier, ________ led the team, identified new active compounds from the mushroom.
a. who
b. whom
c. which
Lion’s mane mushrooms, ________ have been used in traditional medicine for centuries, improve brain cell growth and memory.
a. that
b. which
c. whose
The study, ________ was published in the Journal of Neurochemistry, found that the active compounds promote neuron projections.
a. which
b. that
c. whom
Dr Dae Hee Lee, ________ has supported and collaborated on the research project, said the properties of lion’s mane mushrooms had been used in traditional Chinese medicine since antiquity.
a. who
b. whom
c. which
文章を完成させるために適切な単語を選んでください
The discovery had __________ that could treat and protect against neurodegenerative cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
a. uses
b. applications
c. theories
d. possibilities
The __________ was published in the Journal of Neurochemistry.
a. study
b. research
c. experiment
d. investigation
Researchers __________ the active compound from an edible mushroom that boosts nerve growth and enhances memory.
a. discovered
b. invented
c. created
d. Imagined
Extracts from lion’s mane mushrooms have been used in traditional medicine in Asian countries for __________.
a. centuries
b. decades
c. years
d. months
